Comparativo entre as lajes alveolares e as lajes treliçadas painel em uma edificação pré-fabricada
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Data
2024-12-19
Autores
Orientador
Fell Júnior, Valmir Stani
Banca
Schmitz, Rebeca Jéssica
Lazzari, Bruna Manica
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Resumo
As edificações em concreto pré-fabricado mostram uma solução para problemas relacionados ao desperdício de materiais, reduzem a mão de obra, garantem a qualidade e agilidade por se tratar de uma fabricação em um local controlado. Com o objetivo de aprimorar esse sistema construtivo, se torna necessário o desenvolvimento e o aperfeiçoamento de conhecimentos e mecanismos fundamentais para que as estruturas proporcionem segurança e qualidade ao usuário. Entre os componentes de uma estrutura pré-fabricada, estão as lajes, que possuem a função de transferir os carregamentos atuantes para as vigas, que transferem para os pilares e em seguida para as fundações. Como alternativa de lajes pré -fabricadas, estão a laje alveolar e a laje treliçada painel. Nesse caso, o presente estudo tem o objetivo de comparar o comportamento estrutural entre as lajes alveolares e as lajes treliçadas painel em uma estrutura de concreto pré-fabricado, que apresenta vãos de 7,365m, 5,75m e 4,565m. Com o auxílio do software TQS PREO, é possível dimensionar e analisar o deslocamento que ocorre em cada modelo de laje de acordo com a carga atuante, sendo realizada a alteração na espessura das lajes em situações que o deslocamento seja superior ao valor máximo de deslocamento de acordo com a NBR 6118 (2023). Sendo assim, o estudo demonstra que a laje treliçada painel tem um volume de concreto 10,93% menor, assim como, uma deformação menor para os vãos de 7,365 m e 5,75 m. Já o vão de 4,565 m, a laje alveolar apresentou menor deformação, porém, uma espessura de 8 cm superior a laje treliçada painel.
Prefabricated concrete buildings have proven to be a solution to problems related to material waste, reducing labor, and ensuring quality and agility because they are manufactured in a controlled location. In order to improve this construction system, it is necessary to develop and improve fundamental knowledge and mechanisms so that the structures provide safety and quality to the user. Among the components of a prefabricated structure are the slabs, which have the function of transferring the acting loads to the beams, which transfer them to the pillars and then to the foundations. As alternatives to prefabricated slabs, there are the hollow core slab and the lattice panel slab. In this case, the present study aims to compare the structural behavior between the hollow core slabs and the lattice panel slabs in a prefabricated concrete structure, which has spans of 7.365 m, 5.75 m, and 4.565 m. With the help of the TQS PREO software, it is possible to dimension and analyze the displacement that occurs in each slab model according to the acting load, with the change in the thickness of the slabs being carried out in situations where the displacement is greater than the maximum displacement value according to NBR 6118 (2023). Therefore, the study shows that the lattice panel slab has a 10.93% smaller concrete volume, as well as a smaller deformation for the 7.365 m and 5.75 m spans. In the 4.565 m span, the hollow core slab presented less deformation, however, a thickness 8 cm greater than the lattice panel slab.
Prefabricated concrete buildings have proven to be a solution to problems related to material waste, reducing labor, and ensuring quality and agility because they are manufactured in a controlled location. In order to improve this construction system, it is necessary to develop and improve fundamental knowledge and mechanisms so that the structures provide safety and quality to the user. Among the components of a prefabricated structure are the slabs, which have the function of transferring the acting loads to the beams, which transfer them to the pillars and then to the foundations. As alternatives to prefabricated slabs, there are the hollow core slab and the lattice panel slab. In this case, the present study aims to compare the structural behavior between the hollow core slabs and the lattice panel slabs in a prefabricated concrete structure, which has spans of 7.365 m, 5.75 m, and 4.565 m. With the help of the TQS PREO software, it is possible to dimension and analyze the displacement that occurs in each slab model according to the acting load, with the change in the thickness of the slabs being carried out in situations where the displacement is greater than the maximum displacement value according to NBR 6118 (2023). Therefore, the study shows that the lattice panel slab has a 10.93% smaller concrete volume, as well as a smaller deformation for the 7.365 m and 5.75 m spans. In the 4.565 m span, the hollow core slab presented less deformation, however, a thickness 8 cm greater than the lattice panel slab.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Lajes alveolares; lajes treliçadas painel; estruturas pré-fabricadas; Hollow core slabs; lattice panel slabs; prefabricated structures
Citação
ZIMMER, Matheus. Comparativo entre as lajes alveolares e as lajes treliçadas painel em uma edificação pré-fabricada. 2024. Monografia (Graduação em Engenharia Civil) – Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, 12 dez. 2024. Disponível em: http://hdl.handle.net/10737/4739.