Modelagem Matemática e suas implicações para o ensino e a aprendizagem da matemática no 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental em duas escolas públicas do Vale do Taquari
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2018-01
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Rehfeldt, Márcia Jussara Hepp
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Esta dissertação aborda uma prática pedagógica explorada à luz da Modelagem Matemática, na perspectiva de Burak e Aragão (2012). A pesquisa foi norteada pela questão: Quais as implicações de uma prática pedagógica alicerçada na Modelagem Matemática no 5º Ano do Ensino Fundamental em duas escolas públicas do Vale do Taquari? O objetivo geral foi investigar as implicações de uma prática pedagógica, alicerçada na Modelagem Matemática, em duas turmas de 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental, de duas escolas públicas do Vale do Taquari, envolvendo quarenta e sete discentes. A fim de alcançar o referido objetivo, foram realizados dez encontros de duas horas cada, e os registros das ações desenvolvidas neste período foram feitos no diário de bordo da pesquisadora, no caderno de registros dos alunos, em gravações de áudio e vídeo e em fotografias. A pesquisa foi de cunho qualitativo, com características de estudo de caso. A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio dos pressupostos da análise textual discursiva (MORAES; GALIAZZI, 2013). Para tal, foram elencadas três categorias a priori, as quais são, “Conteúdos matemáticos emergentes”, “Trabalho de grupo” e “Aluno pesquisador”, também emergindo algumas questões para pensar. Os resultados apontaram: a) que durante as atividades de Modelagem Matemática os discentes precisaram construir conhecimentos matemáticos, pois não tinham saberes provisórios para resolver alguns problemas, bem como para ressignificar e utilizar conceitos já presentes na sua caminhada escolar. Nesse sentido, os conteúdos matemáticos abordados foram a porcentagem, a transformação de unidades de medidas, os números decimais, o tratamento de dados, noções de perímetro e de área; b) que, no trabalho em grupo, houve construção coletiva do conhecimento. Esta forma de trabalho proporcionou discussões que qualificaram os trabalhos. Em cada grupo de trabalho um líder surgiu de maneira natural, e teve papel fundamental na organização de sua equipe, incentivando, questionando e delegando tarefas; c) que os alunos adotaram a postura de alunos pesquisadores em diversos momentos, mas principalmente em instâncias nas quais buscaram informações fora da sala de aula. Um recurso que otimizou este trabalho foi a utilização da internet em mídias como o notebook e o celular; d) que emergiram algumas questões para se pensar, tais como, trabalho em grupo, vivências da pesquisa dos discentes e a importância das percepções da professora-pesquisadora para a definição do tema a ser abordado.
This dissertation covers a pedagogical practice explored in the light of Mathematical Modeling under the perspective of Burak & Aragão (2012). The research was guided by the following question: What are the implications of a pedagogical practice founded on Mathematical Modeling in the 5th year of Elementary Education at two public schools in the Vale do Taquari? The general objective was to investigate the implications of a pedagogical practice founded on Mathematic Modeling in two Elementary Education 5th year classes at two public schools in the Vale do Taquari involving forty seven students. The above mentioned objective was attained through ten meetings that lasted two hours each, with the records of the actions developed within that period registered in the researchers log book, the students registry book, audio and video recordings and photographs. The research is of a qualitative nature with case study characteristics. Analysis was carried out by means of the discursive textual analysis presuppositions (MORAES; GALIAZZI, 2013). For such, three categories were firstly listed, namely “Emerging mathematical contents”, “Group work” and “Researcher student”, and also some issues were raised to think about. The results pointed that: a) during the Mathematical Modeling activities, students were required to build mathematical knowledge as they did not hold provisional pieces of knowledge to solve some problems, as well as to resignify and utilize concepts that were already present in their school trail. In that sense, the mathematical contents covered were percentages, units of measure transformation, decimals, data handling, notions of perimeter and area; b) during the group work, there was a collective construction of knowledge. This form of working allowed for discussions that qualified the tasks. In each work group a leader appeared naturally who played a fundamental role in organization their team by encouraging, questioning and delegating tasks; c) students adopted the posture of researcher students at several instances, especially during those in which they sought information outside the classroom. One resource that optimized this work was the use of the Internet through medias such as notebooks and mobile phones; d) some questions arose to be thought about, such as group work, students' experiences as researchers, and how important the perceptions of the teacher-researcher was to define the topic to be covered.
This dissertation covers a pedagogical practice explored in the light of Mathematical Modeling under the perspective of Burak & Aragão (2012). The research was guided by the following question: What are the implications of a pedagogical practice founded on Mathematical Modeling in the 5th year of Elementary Education at two public schools in the Vale do Taquari? The general objective was to investigate the implications of a pedagogical practice founded on Mathematic Modeling in two Elementary Education 5th year classes at two public schools in the Vale do Taquari involving forty seven students. The above mentioned objective was attained through ten meetings that lasted two hours each, with the records of the actions developed within that period registered in the researchers log book, the students registry book, audio and video recordings and photographs. The research is of a qualitative nature with case study characteristics. Analysis was carried out by means of the discursive textual analysis presuppositions (MORAES; GALIAZZI, 2013). For such, three categories were firstly listed, namely “Emerging mathematical contents”, “Group work” and “Researcher student”, and also some issues were raised to think about. The results pointed that: a) during the Mathematical Modeling activities, students were required to build mathematical knowledge as they did not hold provisional pieces of knowledge to solve some problems, as well as to resignify and utilize concepts that were already present in their school trail. In that sense, the mathematical contents covered were percentages, units of measure transformation, decimals, data handling, notions of perimeter and area; b) during the group work, there was a collective construction of knowledge. This form of working allowed for discussions that qualified the tasks. In each work group a leader appeared naturally who played a fundamental role in organization their team by encouraging, questioning and delegating tasks; c) students adopted the posture of researcher students at several instances, especially during those in which they sought information outside the classroom. One resource that optimized this work was the use of the Internet through medias such as notebooks and mobile phones; d) some questions arose to be thought about, such as group work, students' experiences as researchers, and how important the perceptions of the teacher-researcher was to define the topic to be covered.
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Palavras-chave
Modelagem Matemática; Anos iniciais; Brincar; Corpo humano
Citação
DENTE, Elise Cândida. Modelagem Matemática e suas implicações para o ensino e a aprendizagem da matemática no 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental em duas escolas públicas do Vale do Taquari. 2017. Dissertação (Mestrado) – Curso de Ensino de Ciências Exatas, Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, 29 maio 2017. Disponível em: http://hdl.handle.net/10737/1720.