Análise das cargas atuantes na fundação de um edifício de uso residencial comparando dois métodos: concreto armado e alvenaria estrutural
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Data
2023-12-05
Autores
Orientador
Fell Júnior, Valmir Stani
Banca
Mascolo, Rafael
Schmitz, Rebeca Jéssica
Título do periódico
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Título do Volume
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Resumo
Ao avaliar a trajetória do setor da construção civil dentro do panorama econômico do país, fica evidente que este, assim como tantos outros setores, está sujeito a flutuações. Sendo então, um dos papéis desempenhados pelo engenheiro civil, a viabilização de estruturas mediante análise da metodologia mais adequada a ser aplicada, considerando os recursos e as demandas de cada região e projeto. Neste contexto, a presente pesquisa tem como objetivo o estudo comparativo entre duas soluções estruturais para a concepção de uma edificação de uso residencial. As metodologias adotadas para a concepção estrutural foram o concreto armado, sendo a técnica mais empregada no setor da construção civil da região e país, e a alvenaria estrutural, que vem ganhando força nas últimas décadas, devido às suas características de baixo custo e rápida execução. A fim de estabelecer uma análise comparativa, fez-se a verificação das solicitações verticais incidentes na base do edifício, onde ocorre a relação entre solo e estrutura, considerando os carregamentos permanentes e acidentais em todos os pavimentos. Para a elaboração do estudo adotou-se um projeto modelo, sendo este, uma edificação vertical multifamiliar com o total de 7 pavimentos. Respeitando os critérios arquitetônicos, foi desenvolvida a modelagem estrutural para cada metodologia, e para ambas soluções, foi utilizado o software TQS, programa computacional que possui módulos distintos para cada modalidade. Ao final do estudo, verificou-se que a edificação em alvenaria estrutural apresenta uma carga total inferior quando comparada ao modelo concebido em concreto armado, sendo este valor, numericamente, superior em 16%. Com isso, considera-se que a concepção em alvenaria estrutural seja a mais atraente por proporcionar um dimensionamento mais econômico para a infraestrutura da edificação.
When evaluating the trajectory of the construction sector within the country's economic panorama, it is clear that this, like many other sectors, is subject to fluctuations. Therefore, one of the roles played by the civil engineer is to make structures viable through the analysis of the most appropriate methodology to be applied, considering the resources and demands of each region and project. In this context, the objective of this research is a comparative study between two structural solutions for the design of a building for residential use. The methodologies adopted for structural design were reinforced concrete, being the most used technique in the civil construction sector in the region and the country, and structural masonry, which has been gaining strength in recent decades, due to its low-cost and quick characteristics. execution. In order to establish a comparative analysis, the vertical surfaces incident on the base of the building were verified, where the relationship between soil and structure occurs, considering permanent and accidental loads on all bones. To prepare the study, a model project was developed, this being a vertical multi-family building with a total of 7 floors. Respecting the innovative criteria, a structural modeling was developed for each methodology, and for both solutions, the TQS software was used, a computer program that has different modules for each modality. At the end of the study, it was concluded that the structural masonry building has a lower total load when compared to the model designed in reinforced concrete, this value being numerically 16% higher. Therefore, it is considered that the structural masonry design is more attractive as it provides a more economical dimension for the building's infrastructure.
When evaluating the trajectory of the construction sector within the country's economic panorama, it is clear that this, like many other sectors, is subject to fluctuations. Therefore, one of the roles played by the civil engineer is to make structures viable through the analysis of the most appropriate methodology to be applied, considering the resources and demands of each region and project. In this context, the objective of this research is a comparative study between two structural solutions for the design of a building for residential use. The methodologies adopted for structural design were reinforced concrete, being the most used technique in the civil construction sector in the region and the country, and structural masonry, which has been gaining strength in recent decades, due to its low-cost and quick characteristics. execution. In order to establish a comparative analysis, the vertical surfaces incident on the base of the building were verified, where the relationship between soil and structure occurs, considering permanent and accidental loads on all bones. To prepare the study, a model project was developed, this being a vertical multi-family building with a total of 7 floors. Respecting the innovative criteria, a structural modeling was developed for each methodology, and for both solutions, the TQS software was used, a computer program that has different modules for each modality. At the end of the study, it was concluded that the structural masonry building has a lower total load when compared to the model designed in reinforced concrete, this value being numerically 16% higher. Therefore, it is considered that the structural masonry design is more attractive as it provides a more economical dimension for the building's infrastructure.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
estruturas; concreto armado; alvenaria estrutural; ações solicitantes; structures; reinforced concrete; structural masonry; requesting actions
Citação
COLOMBO, Fernanda Bet. ANÁLISE DAS CARGAS ATUANTES NA FUNDAÇÃO DE UM EDIFÍCIO DE USO RESIDENCIAL COMPARANDO DOIS MÉTODOS: CONCRETO ARMADO E ALVENARIA ESTRUTURAL. 2023. Monografia (Graduação em Engenharia Civil) – Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, 05 dez. 2023. Disponível em: http://hdl.handle.net/10737/4082.