A relação entre suicídio e condições ambientais rurais: percepção de profissionais da saúde
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Data
2024-02
Autores
Orientador
Rempel, Claudete
Banca
Schwertner, Suzana Feldens
Catolin, Sirlei Favero
Turatti, Luciana
Título do periódico
ISSN
Título do Volume
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Resumo
O objetivo desta pesquisa foi de investigar os processos autodestrutivos encadeadores de suicídio no ambiente rural, considerando a exposição humana direta ou indireta aos agrotóxicos. O estudo com pesquisa quali-quanti, analisou os municípios catarinenses de Campo Alegre e São Bento do Sul, entre os anos de 2018 a 2022, utilizando-se de dados extraídos de boletins epidemiológicos e Diretoria de Vigilância Epidemiológica de Santa Catarina sobre o panorama do suicídio e tentativas e suas relações com os agrotóxicos, outros produtos químicos e demais multifatorialidades. As diferenças etárias aliado ao sexo, a baixa escolarização e intoxicação exógena são fatores de riscos identificados. Entrevistou-se 78 profissionais da saúde, através de perguntas semiestruturadas, com resultados qualitativos discutidos a partir da análise de conteúdo em Bardin. Teceram-se categorias sobre as relações entre os problemas socioambientais e saúde, a exposição aos agrotóxicos e suas consequências, as identificações dos fatores de risco para o suicídio e o manejo de casos relacionados aos processos autodestrutivos. Constatou-se que problemas socioambientais, sobretudo os riscos ocupacionais, diabetes e hipertensão, impactos do meio social e tipos de poluição são fatores de risco à saúde, além da ocorrência de nocividades agudas e crônicas devido à exposição aos agrotóxicos. Os transtornos mentais, intoxicações com medicamentos, violência feminina e perfis de masculinidades estão associadas ao comportamento de tirar a própria vida. O manejo dos profissionais da saúde a respeito do acolhimento, avaliação, acompanhamento, práticas de prevenção e mediação dos Agentes Comunitários de Saúde são fatores de proteção humana verificados. Diferentes limitações são observadas no estudo, dentre elas a baixa notificação de intoxicação por agrotóxicos na microrregião e em outros municípios catarinenses. A pesquisa evidencia outras buscas para aprofundamentos e descobertas, ao considerar que há uma interação inesgotável entre fatores biológicos, demográficos, psicológicos, sociais, ambientais e culturais que incidem nos comportamentos autodestrutivos.
The objective of this research was to investigate the self-destructive processes that lead to suicide in rural areas, considering direct or indirect human exposure to pesticides. The study, with qualitative and quantitative research, analyzed the municipalities of Campo Alegre and São Bento do Sul, in the state of Santa Catarina, between 2018 and 2022, using data extracted from epidemiological bulletins and the Santa Catarina Epidemiological Surveillance Directorate on the panorama of suicide and attempts and their relationships with pesticides, other chemical products, and other multifactorial factors. Age differences combined with gender, low education, and exogenous poisoning are identified risk factors. 78 health professionals were interviewed through semi-structured questions, with qualitative results discussed based on content analysis in Bardin. Categories were developed regarding the relationships between socio-environmental problems and health, exposure to pesticides and their consequences, identification of risk factors for suicide and management of cases related to self-destructive processes. It was found that socioenvironmental problems, especially occupational risks, diabetes and hypertension, impacts of the social environment and types of pollution are risk factors for health, in addition to the occurrence of acute and chronic harm due to exposure to pesticides. Mental disorders, drug poisoning, female violence and masculinity profiles are associated with the behavior of taking one's own life. The management of health professionals regarding reception, assessment, monitoring, prevention practices and mediation of community health agents are verified human protection factors. Different limitations are observed in the study, among them the low reporting of pesticide poisoning in the microregion and in other municipalities of Santa Catarina. The research highlights other searches for further insights and discoveries, considering that there is an inexhaustible interaction between biological, demographic, psychological, social, environmental and cultural factors that affect self-destructive behaviors
The objective of this research was to investigate the self-destructive processes that lead to suicide in rural areas, considering direct or indirect human exposure to pesticides. The study, with qualitative and quantitative research, analyzed the municipalities of Campo Alegre and São Bento do Sul, in the state of Santa Catarina, between 2018 and 2022, using data extracted from epidemiological bulletins and the Santa Catarina Epidemiological Surveillance Directorate on the panorama of suicide and attempts and their relationships with pesticides, other chemical products, and other multifactorial factors. Age differences combined with gender, low education, and exogenous poisoning are identified risk factors. 78 health professionals were interviewed through semi-structured questions, with qualitative results discussed based on content analysis in Bardin. Categories were developed regarding the relationships between socio-environmental problems and health, exposure to pesticides and their consequences, identification of risk factors for suicide and management of cases related to self-destructive processes. It was found that socioenvironmental problems, especially occupational risks, diabetes and hypertension, impacts of the social environment and types of pollution are risk factors for health, in addition to the occurrence of acute and chronic harm due to exposure to pesticides. Mental disorders, drug poisoning, female violence and masculinity profiles are associated with the behavior of taking one's own life. The management of health professionals regarding reception, assessment, monitoring, prevention practices and mediation of community health agents are verified human protection factors. Different limitations are observed in the study, among them the low reporting of pesticide poisoning in the microregion and in other municipalities of Santa Catarina. The research highlights other searches for further insights and discoveries, considering that there is an inexhaustible interaction between biological, demographic, psychological, social, environmental and cultural factors that affect self-destructive behaviors
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Suicídio; Agrotóxicos; Saúde; Ambiente; Suicide; Pesticides; Health; Environment
Citação
FARIAS, Sidinei. A relação entre suicídio e condições ambientais rurais: percepção de profissionais da saúde. 2024. Dissertação (Mestrado) – Curso de Ambiente e Desenvolvimento, Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, 29 fev. 2024. Disponível em: http://hdl.handle.net/10737/4742.