Diagnóstico da geração de resíduos sólidos do Sistema Único de Saúde no Vale do Taquari - RS
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Data
2020-11
Autores
Orientador
Ethur, Eduardo Miranda
Banca
Medeiros, Cássia Regina Gotler
Stülp, Simone
Gnoatto, Simone Cristina Baggio
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Resumo
A geração de resíduos sólidos de saúde (RSS), em especial os medicamentos, constitui-se em um dos desafios da sociedade moderna. Medicamentos vencidos ou não utilizados devem ser descartados de forma adequada, para evitar o aumento da carga poluidora no meio ambiente e visando aderir a uma atitude sustentável, porém o que se percebe é que o rejeite realizado inadequadamente é um hábito comum para a população. Dessa forma, objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar um diagnóstico da geração de resíduos de saúde no município de Lajeado - RS, bem como delinear um panorama de como a temática está sendo abordada pelos gestores e responsáveis pela Assistência Farmacêutica (AF) nos outros 36 municípios que compõem o Vale do Taquari (VT) - RS. Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado no período de 2019 a 2020 no VT - RS. Os profissionais responsáveis pela AF nas secretarias de saúde dos municípios do Vale responderam o questionário composto por questões sobre o Plano de Gerenciamento de Resíduos Sólidos de Saúde (PGRSS). Em Lajeado foi realizada pesquisa através da aplicação de questionário aos munícipes sobre o descarte de medicamentos, além de compilação de dados sobre o descarte de medicamentos na rede pública de saúde. As análises dos questionários dos 36 municípios que formam o VT indicam um índice de respostas de 44,4%, sendo que 50,0% dos municípios participantes possuem plano de gerenciamento de resíduos (PGRSS). Quanto às orientações, 81,3% dos municípios relatam realizar campanhas de educação em saúde referente a temática. A pesquisa foi realizada com 277 usuários, moradores da cidade de Lajeado e frequentadores da Farmácia-Escola (FE) e dispensários do município de Lajeado - RS, a maneira de como os mesmos descartam os medicamentos foi abordada. Foi identificado que 98,9% dos entrevistados possuem medicamentos em suas residências onde em 82,8% dos casos ocorre vencimento. As análises realizadas em estudos identificaram que o assunto precisa ser amplamente divulgado, levando em consideração o impacto ambiental que os resíduos de medicamentos estão causando. Desta forma ressalta- se a importância de um plano de gerenciamento bem estruturado tendo em vista a legislação vigente e características locais de cada município, e em contrapartida observou-se o impacto econômico para o município de Lajeado - RS.
The generation of solid health residues (RSS), especially medicines, is one of the challenges of modern society. Expired or unused drugs must be disposed of properly, to avoid increasing the polluting load on the environment and aiming to adhere to a sustainable attitude, but what is perceived is that the rejection carried out improperly is a common habit for the population. Thus, the objective of this work was to carry out a diagnosis of the generation of health waste in the municipality of Lajeado - RS, as well as to outline an overview of how the theme is being addressed by managers and those responsible for Pharmaceutical Assistance (PA) in the other 36 municipalities that make up the Taquari Valley (VT) - RS. This is a cross-sectional study carried out from 2019 to 2020 at VT - RS. The professionals responsible for PA in the health departments of the municipalities of the Vale answered a questionnaire composed of questions about the Health Solid Waste Management Plan (PGRSS). In Lajeado, a survey was carried out through the application of a questionnaire to residents on the disposal of medicines, in addition to the compilation of data on the disposal of medicines in the public health system. The analysis of the questionnaires of the 36 municipalities that make up the VT indicate a response rate of 44,4%, with 50,0% of the participating municipalities having a waste management plan (PGRSS). As for the guidelines, 81.3% of the municipalities reported carrying out health education campaigns related to the theme. The survey was conducted with 277 users, residents of the city of Lajeado and frequenters of the Pharmacy School and dispensaries in the municipality of Lajeado - RS, the way they discard the drugs was addressed, identifying that 98.9% of the interviewees have medicines in their homes where 82.8% of the cases are due. The analyzes carried out in studies identified that the subject needs to be widely publicized, taking into account the environmental impact that drug residues are causing. Thus, the importance of a well-structured management plan is emphasized, in view of the current legislation and local characteristics of each municipality, and in contrast, the economic impact for the municipality of Lajeado - RS was observed.
The generation of solid health residues (RSS), especially medicines, is one of the challenges of modern society. Expired or unused drugs must be disposed of properly, to avoid increasing the polluting load on the environment and aiming to adhere to a sustainable attitude, but what is perceived is that the rejection carried out improperly is a common habit for the population. Thus, the objective of this work was to carry out a diagnosis of the generation of health waste in the municipality of Lajeado - RS, as well as to outline an overview of how the theme is being addressed by managers and those responsible for Pharmaceutical Assistance (PA) in the other 36 municipalities that make up the Taquari Valley (VT) - RS. This is a cross-sectional study carried out from 2019 to 2020 at VT - RS. The professionals responsible for PA in the health departments of the municipalities of the Vale answered a questionnaire composed of questions about the Health Solid Waste Management Plan (PGRSS). In Lajeado, a survey was carried out through the application of a questionnaire to residents on the disposal of medicines, in addition to the compilation of data on the disposal of medicines in the public health system. The analysis of the questionnaires of the 36 municipalities that make up the VT indicate a response rate of 44,4%, with 50,0% of the participating municipalities having a waste management plan (PGRSS). As for the guidelines, 81.3% of the municipalities reported carrying out health education campaigns related to the theme. The survey was conducted with 277 users, residents of the city of Lajeado and frequenters of the Pharmacy School and dispensaries in the municipality of Lajeado - RS, the way they discard the drugs was addressed, identifying that 98.9% of the interviewees have medicines in their homes where 82.8% of the cases are due. The analyzes carried out in studies identified that the subject needs to be widely publicized, taking into account the environmental impact that drug residues are causing. Thus, the importance of a well-structured management plan is emphasized, in view of the current legislation and local characteristics of each municipality, and in contrast, the economic impact for the municipality of Lajeado - RS was observed.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Saúde Ambiental; Gerenciamento de Resíduos Sólidos; Medicamentos; Resíduos de Serviço de Saúde; Gestão de Resíduos; Plano de Gerenciamento de Resíduos de Serviço de Saúde; Environmental Health; Solid Waste Management; Health Service Waste; Waste Management; Health Service Waste Management Plan
Citação
ASSMANN, Juliana. Diagnóstico da geração de resíduos sólidos do Sistema Único de Saúde no Vale do Taquari - RS. 2020. Dissertação (Mestrado) – Curso de Ambiente e Desenvolvimento, Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, 18 dez. 2020. Disponível em: http://hdl.handle.net/10737/3148.