Ensino, pesquisa e extensão em uma proposta de desenho curricular para a graduação em Enfermagem
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Data
2020-11
Autores
Orientador
Forneck, Kári Lúcia
Banca
Medeiros, Cássia Regina Gotler
Hattge, Morgana Dormênica
Moreschi, Claudete
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Resumo
Embora as instituições de ensino superior organizem seus currículos buscando seguir as orientações previstas nas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais, é comum os discentes passarem por dificuldades ao tentarem relacionar os conhecimentos teóricos com as práticas, quando enfrentam os desafios dos campos de práticas de estágio curricular supervisionado, nos últimos períodos do curso. Assim, esta dissertação tem como objetivo identificar as principais dificuldades enfrentadas pelos discentes de Enfermagem ao se depararem com os desafios dos campos de práticas de estágio curricular, na fase final do curso, bem como tentar identificar as principais causas dessas dificuldades para propor sugestões de ajustes no currículo. Para tanto, buscou-se analisar o desempenho dos discentes ao tentarem relacionar a teoria às práticas, sob o ponto de vista deles próprios, dos preceptores e dos docentes. Visando obter respostas para o objetivo principal, foi realizada uma pesquisa de campo, subdividida em duas etapas: análise do currículo da graduação em Enfermagem de cinco instituições de ensino superior que atuam na região Nordeste da Bahia e região Centro-Sul de Sergipe e entrevistas semiestruturadas com os estudantes, os preceptores e os docentes de uma das instituições selecionadas, denominada nesta dissertação como IES A. A análise dos resultados das pesquisas apontou que a maioria dos preceptores observou nos alunos alguma dificuldade relacionada à insegurança e 46,30% dos discentes afirmaram que as ações promovidas no decorrer do curso ainda são insuficientes para chegarem ao estágio com um bom nível de habilidade e segurança. Outro dado relevante foi a necessidade de ampliação de atividades práticas junto às comunidades no decorrer de toda a graduação, sugerida por 67,95% dos preceptores e 36,36% dos professores. A partir da análise da pesquisa e sua relação com o referencial teórico, foram apresentadas sugestões de implementação dos currículos de cursos de Enfermagem, tomando como base o princípio da indissociabilidade entre ensino, pesquisa e extensão. Portanto, os dados obtidos na pesquisa base desta dissertação sugeriram a necessidade de implementação no currículo de Enfermagem, visando melhorar a integração do processo de ensino ao contexto e, consequentemente, a formação de profissionais com habilidades e competências para enfrentarem os desafios do mercado profissional.
Although higher education institutions organize their resumes seeking to follow the guidelines provided for in the National Curriculum Guidelines, it is common for students to experience difficulties when trying to relate theoretical knowledge to practices, when they face the challenges of supervised curricular internship practice fields, in last periods of the course. Thus, this dissertation aims to identify the main difficulties faced by nursing students when they face the challenges of the curricular internship practice fields, in the final phase of the course, as well as trying to identify the main causes of these difficulties in order to propose adjustments in the curriculum. To this end, we sought to analyze the performance of students when trying to relate theory to practices, from the point of view of themselves, preceptors and teachers. In order to obtain answers to the main objective, a field research was carried out, divided into two stages: analysis of the curriculum of undergraduate nursing in five higher education institutions that operate in the Northeast of Bahia and the Center-South region of Sergipe and semi-structured interviews with students, preceptors and teachers from one of the selected institutions, referred to in this dissertation as HEI A. The analysis of the research results pointed out that the majority of the preceptors observed in the students some difficulty related to insecurity and 46.30% of the students stated that the actions promoted during the course are still insufficient to reach the internship with a good level of skill and safety. Another relevant fact was the need to expand practical activities with communities throughout the entire course, suggested by 67.95% of tutors and 36.36% of teachers. From the analysis of the research and its relationship with the theoretical framework, suggestions were made for the implementation of the curricula of Nursing courses, based on the principle of inseparability between teaching, research and extension. Therefore, the data obtained in the basic research of this dissertation suggested the need for implementation in the Nursing curriculum, aiming to improve the integration of the teaching process to the context and, consequently, the training of professionals with skills and competences to face the challenges of the professional market.
Although higher education institutions organize their resumes seeking to follow the guidelines provided for in the National Curriculum Guidelines, it is common for students to experience difficulties when trying to relate theoretical knowledge to practices, when they face the challenges of supervised curricular internship practice fields, in last periods of the course. Thus, this dissertation aims to identify the main difficulties faced by nursing students when they face the challenges of the curricular internship practice fields, in the final phase of the course, as well as trying to identify the main causes of these difficulties in order to propose adjustments in the curriculum. To this end, we sought to analyze the performance of students when trying to relate theory to practices, from the point of view of themselves, preceptors and teachers. In order to obtain answers to the main objective, a field research was carried out, divided into two stages: analysis of the curriculum of undergraduate nursing in five higher education institutions that operate in the Northeast of Bahia and the Center-South region of Sergipe and semi-structured interviews with students, preceptors and teachers from one of the selected institutions, referred to in this dissertation as HEI A. The analysis of the research results pointed out that the majority of the preceptors observed in the students some difficulty related to insecurity and 46.30% of the students stated that the actions promoted during the course are still insufficient to reach the internship with a good level of skill and safety. Another relevant fact was the need to expand practical activities with communities throughout the entire course, suggested by 67.95% of tutors and 36.36% of teachers. From the analysis of the research and its relationship with the theoretical framework, suggestions were made for the implementation of the curricula of Nursing courses, based on the principle of inseparability between teaching, research and extension. Therefore, the data obtained in the basic research of this dissertation suggested the need for implementation in the Nursing curriculum, aiming to improve the integration of the teaching process to the context and, consequently, the training of professionals with skills and competences to face the challenges of the professional market.
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Palavras-chave
Enfermagem; Currículo; Estágio supervisionado; Ensino, pesquisa e extensão; Nursing; Curriculum; Supervised internship; Teaching, research and extension
Citação
NASCIMENTO, Maria Estela Santos. Ensino, pesquisa e extensão em uma proposta de desenho curricular para a graduação em Enfermagem. 2020. Dissertação (Mestrado) – Curso de Ensino, Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, 27 nov. 2020. Disponível em: http://hdl.handle.net/10737/2967.