Práticas pedagógicas da modalidade a distância e do ensino presencial: contribuições para ensino híbrido no Instituto Federal do Maranhão
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Data
2016-08
Autores
Orientador
Del Pino, José Claudio
Banca
Del Pino, José Claudio
Martins, Silvana Neumann
Neide, Italo Gabriel
Lindner, Edson Luiz
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Os avanços ocorridos no mundo contemporâneo, em razão das tecnologias digitais, demandam transformações institucionais, representando um verdadeiro desafio para a educação. O ensino híbrido (presencial e a distância) está no bojo desses desafios sob a perspectiva da organização didática desse processo. O formato de ensino híbrido está amparado pela Portaria no. 4.059/04 do MEC, que preconiza a oferta de 20% da carga horária total dos cursos de graduação com a mediação de recursos didáticos que utilizem tecnologias de comunicação remota. Nesse sentido, esta pesquisa desenvolve-se a partir do seguinte problema: que elementos podem contribuir com o processo de organização didática de ensino híbrido nos cursos de licenciatura presenciais, do Instituto Federal do Maranhão? Considerando que a carga horária em educação a distância não é algo trivial e, portanto, exige o planejamento de ações em diferentes perspectivas, a problemática da pesquisa busca investigar os elementos necessários ao processo de organização didática do ensino híbrido levando em consideração os documentos institucionais e a infraestrutura administrativa, tecnológica e pedagógica. O aporte teórico que fundamenta o trabalho está apoiado em autores que discutem as tecnologias na educação, formação de professores e educação a distância. A pesquisa foi realizada no Instituto Federal do Maranhão e teve como sujeitos envolvidos: uma professora da disciplina Língua Portuguesa e sua turma de 44 estudantes do primeiro período do Curso de Licenciatura em Biologia. Metodologicamente, trata-se de uma pesquisa quali-quantitativa, cuja investigação se apoia na análise de conteúdo proposta por Laurence Bardin (2011), desenvolvida a partir do material coletado ao longo de um semestre letivo (cinco meses), por meio de instrumentos como: entrevistas semiestruturadas, aplicação de questionários, observações de campo e verificação em fontes documentais. O estudo mostrou que a implementação da carga horária em EaD exige o planejamento de ações em diferentes perspectivas, especialmente quanto à preparação das equipes técnico-pedagógica; adequações de rotinas administrativas; apoio aos estudantes para o uso de recursos computacionais; disponibilização de estrutura tecnológica aos docentes e discentes. A relevância deste estudo recai, sobretudo, nas contribuições aos processos de organização didática do ensino híbrido sob a égide da flexibilização dos espaços e do tempo para o ensino e para a aprendizagem, como uma alternativa para o cumprimento da carga horária dos cursos com melhor aproveitamento para o desenvolvimento do currículo e diversificação das estratégias didáticas, visando a qualidade do ensino.
The progress made in the contemporary world due to digital technologies requires institutional changes, representing a real challenge for education. The hybrid education (classroom and distance) is in the midst of these challenges from the didactic organization perspective of this process. The hybrid teaching format is supported by the Ordinance no. 4059/04 MEC, which recommends the offer of 20% of the total workload of undergraduate courses with the mediation of teaching resources using remote communication technologies. In this sense, this research develops from the following problem: what elements can contribute to the didactic process of organizing hybrid education in classroom teaching courses in the Federal Institute of Maranhão? Whereas the workload in distance education is not something trivial and therefore requires the planning of actions in different perspectives, this research investigates the elements necessary for a didactic hybrid teaching organization process taking into account the institutional documents and administrative, technological and educational infrastructure. The theoretical framework underlying the work is supported by authors who discuss the technology in education, teacher training and distance education. The survey was conducted at the Federal Institute of Maranhão and the subjects involved were: a Portuguese teacher and her class of 44 students in the first semester of the Biology course. Methodologically, it is a qualitative research, which is based on content analysis suggested by Laurence Bardin (2011), developed from the material collected over one semester (five months), through instruments such as: semi-structured interviews, questionnaires, field observations and documental analysis. The study showed that the implementation of the workload in distance education requires action planning in different perspectives, especially on the preparation of technical and pedagogical teams; adequacy of administrative routines; training of students for the use of computer resources; provision of technological infrastructure to teachers and students. The relevance of this study lies mainly on contributions to organizational teaching processes of the hybrid school under the aegis of the flexibility of spaces and time for teaching and learning, as an alternative to compliance with the workload of the courses with the best for curriculum development and diversification of educational strategies aimed at the quality of education.
The progress made in the contemporary world due to digital technologies requires institutional changes, representing a real challenge for education. The hybrid education (classroom and distance) is in the midst of these challenges from the didactic organization perspective of this process. The hybrid teaching format is supported by the Ordinance no. 4059/04 MEC, which recommends the offer of 20% of the total workload of undergraduate courses with the mediation of teaching resources using remote communication technologies. In this sense, this research develops from the following problem: what elements can contribute to the didactic process of organizing hybrid education in classroom teaching courses in the Federal Institute of Maranhão? Whereas the workload in distance education is not something trivial and therefore requires the planning of actions in different perspectives, this research investigates the elements necessary for a didactic hybrid teaching organization process taking into account the institutional documents and administrative, technological and educational infrastructure. The theoretical framework underlying the work is supported by authors who discuss the technology in education, teacher training and distance education. The survey was conducted at the Federal Institute of Maranhão and the subjects involved were: a Portuguese teacher and her class of 44 students in the first semester of the Biology course. Methodologically, it is a qualitative research, which is based on content analysis suggested by Laurence Bardin (2011), developed from the material collected over one semester (five months), through instruments such as: semi-structured interviews, questionnaires, field observations and documental analysis. The study showed that the implementation of the workload in distance education requires action planning in different perspectives, especially on the preparation of technical and pedagogical teams; adequacy of administrative routines; training of students for the use of computer resources; provision of technological infrastructure to teachers and students. The relevance of this study lies mainly on contributions to organizational teaching processes of the hybrid school under the aegis of the flexibility of spaces and time for teaching and learning, as an alternative to compliance with the workload of the courses with the best for curriculum development and diversification of educational strategies aimed at the quality of education.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Educação a distância; Ensino híbrido; Portaria MEC no 4.059/04; Ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem.
Citação
SANTOS, Simone Costa Andrade Dos. Práticas pedagógicas da modalidade a distância e do ensino presencial: contribuições para ensino híbrido no Instituto Federal do Maranhão. 2015. Dissertação (Mestrado) – Curso de Ensino, Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, 02 dez. 2015. Disponível em: http://hdl.handle.net/10737/1058.