Diagnostico e conduta de desordens potencialemnte malignas na atenção basica do Vale do Taquari
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Data
2023-06
Autores
Orientador
Alves, Alessandro Menna
Banca
Rados, Andreas Rucks Varvaki
Teixeira, Mauricio Fernando Nunes
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Resumo
RESUMO: As desordens potencialmente malignas orais (DPMO) são lesões desenvolvidas pelas constantes modificações celulares, sendo agravadas pelos fatores de risco. Entre estas, temos as lesões de leucoplasia, eritroplasia, líquen-plano e queilite actínica como as com mais incidência. Na Política Nacional de Saúde Bucal a atenção primária é porta de entrada para o diagnóstico precoce e posteriormente a atenção secundária e terciária são responsáveis pelo tratamento. OBJETIVO: Identificar a capacidade dos cirurgiões dentistas que atuam na rede pública do Vale do Taquari em avaliar, diagnosticar e tratar as DPMO. METODOLOGIA: Foi realizado um estudo de abordagem observacional transversal quantitativa, através de um questionário para identificação das lesões, suas características, tratamento e grau de malignidade. A análise de dados foi realizada de forma descritiva e apresentada através de números e percentagens. RESULTADO: Os cirurgiões dentistas sabem identificar as características das lesões, mas quando se trata do grau de malignidade os mesmos não sabem fazer o correto diagnóstico. Além disso, os profissionais não realizam biópsia e tratamento. CONCLUSÃO: Observamos que os cirurgiões dentistas da atenção básica de saúde, conseguiram identificar as DPMO e as suas características, entretanto, quando são questionados sobre o potencial de malignização dessas alterações, associado às suas características clínicas, os profissionais apresentaram maior dificuldade. Ainda, em relação à conduta dos casos, os profissionais optaram, na maioria das vezes, pela referência e a não realização de biópsia.
ABSTRACT: The oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) are injuries that develop through constant cellular modifications, which are further aggravated by risk factors. Among these, leukoplakia, erythroplakia, lichen planus, and actinic cheilitis appear to be the most prevalent. According to the Brazilian National Policy of Oral Health, the primary health care service is the entry point for early diagnosis and, subsequently, the secondary and tertiary health care are in charge of providing suitable treatment. OBJECTIVE: To assess the ability of dental surgeons working in the public healthcare system of Vale do Taquari in evaluating, diagnosing, and treating Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders (OPMDs). METHODOLOGY: This study was conducted through a quantitative cross-sectional observational approach, based on a questionnaire to identify the lesions, their characteristics, treatment and degree of malignancy. Furthermore, the data analysis was descriptive and presented using numbers and percentages. RESULTS: The dental surgeons are capable of identifying the features of lesions, however, when it comes to assessing their level of malignancy, they lack the ability to make accurate diagnoses. Additionally, these professionals do not perform biopsies or provide any treatment. CONCLUSION: It was revealed that dental surgeons in primary health care are capable of recognizing the OPMD as well as their characteristics. However, in what concerns their potential malignity associated with clinical features, the professionals showed difficulties. Moreover, in terms of guidance of the cases, the dentists opt not to perform biopsies themselves and refer the patient instead.
ABSTRACT: The oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) are injuries that develop through constant cellular modifications, which are further aggravated by risk factors. Among these, leukoplakia, erythroplakia, lichen planus, and actinic cheilitis appear to be the most prevalent. According to the Brazilian National Policy of Oral Health, the primary health care service is the entry point for early diagnosis and, subsequently, the secondary and tertiary health care are in charge of providing suitable treatment. OBJECTIVE: To assess the ability of dental surgeons working in the public healthcare system of Vale do Taquari in evaluating, diagnosing, and treating Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders (OPMDs). METHODOLOGY: This study was conducted through a quantitative cross-sectional observational approach, based on a questionnaire to identify the lesions, their characteristics, treatment and degree of malignancy. Furthermore, the data analysis was descriptive and presented using numbers and percentages. RESULTS: The dental surgeons are capable of identifying the features of lesions, however, when it comes to assessing their level of malignancy, they lack the ability to make accurate diagnoses. Additionally, these professionals do not perform biopsies or provide any treatment. CONCLUSION: It was revealed that dental surgeons in primary health care are capable of recognizing the OPMD as well as their characteristics. However, in what concerns their potential malignity associated with clinical features, the professionals showed difficulties. Moreover, in terms of guidance of the cases, the dentists opt not to perform biopsies themselves and refer the patient instead.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Encaminhamento; Cirurgião-dentista; diagnóstico; consulta; leocoplasia; Eritroplasia; Dentist; Diagnosis; Referral and Consultation; Leukoplakia; Erythroplakia.
Citação
GOMES, Tainara Trevisol. Diagnostico e conduta de desordens potencialemnte malignas na atenção basica do Vale do Taquari. 2023. Artigo (Graduação) – Curso de Odontologia, Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, 26 jun. 2023. Disponível em: http://hdl.handle.net/10737/3822.