Estudo ergonômico do posto de trabalho em um processo de soldagem de vasos de pressão numa industria metalmecânica do Vale do Taquari
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2019-04
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Delwing, Eduardo Becker
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Resumo
Este trabalho relata o estudo de caso ocorrido em uma empresa do ramo metal mecânico localizada no Vale do Taquari. Na empresa é realizada a fabricação de vasos de pressão do tipo tanques em diversos metais com aplicação direta de processos de soldagem MIG/MAG. Este estudo tem o enfoque ergonômico,sendo que dentre os processos produtivos o desenvolvimento ocorreu no processo de soldagem horizontal dos tanques onde se aplicam os reforços circunferenciais, pelo fato que neste processo os trabalhadores permanecem um longo período na postura estática e posicionamento específico para o desempenho da atividade de solda. Para este estudo foi levado em consideração alguns aspectos como: análise ergonômica, atividade de soldagem, local de soldagem e riscos de exposição de soldadores. Foram realizadas visitas aos postos de trabalho e estruturada uma pesquisa qualitativa como base deste estudo de caso, com os objetivos de verificar os procedimentos no processo produtivo, determinar quais os riscos de doenças ocupacionais e propor melhorias. Nas visitas foram realizados apontamentos e registro fotográfico do posto de trabalho na linha de fabricação e aplicado um questionário de forma explorativa e abrangente a seis funcionários com experiência na função de soldagem. Após a análise das visitas e das respostas dos questionamentos, conclui-se que os soldadores desenvolvem a atividade de forma pouco desgastante pelo fato da ocorrência de micro e macro-pausas durante a atividade laboral, mas sugere-se a necessidade da adequação da plataforma de
soldagem. Constata-se que a atividade mais desgastante deste posto de trabalho está na preparação das peças que oferecem risco à coluna vertebral e aos membros superiores.
This study reports the case study occurred in a company from the field of mechanic metal localized in the Taquari Valley. In this company are manufactured tank-type pressures vessels made of various metals with the direct application of the MIG/MAG welding process. This study has an ergonomic focus, considering that among the productive processes the development has occurred in the horizontal welding of the tanks where are applied circumferential supports, by the fact that the workers stay for a long period in a static posture and at a specific position for the welding activity. For this study there were considered aspects as: ergonomic analysis, welding activity, place of welding and risks that the workers are exposed to. There were made visits to the workplaces and organized a qualitative research based in the case study, with the objectives of verifying the procedures of the productive process, to determinate which are the risks of occupational diseases and to propose improvements. In the visits there were made notes and photographic registers of the workplaces in the production line and applied an explorative and wide survey to six workers with experience in the welding function. After the analysis of the visits and the answers to the surveys, it was concluded that the welders develop a minimal wearing activity because of the occurrence of micro and macro pauses during the activity, but it’s suggested the necessity of adequation of the welding platform. It is observed that the most wearing activity of this workplace resides in the preparation of parts that offer risks to the spinal column and the upper limbs.
This study reports the case study occurred in a company from the field of mechanic metal localized in the Taquari Valley. In this company are manufactured tank-type pressures vessels made of various metals with the direct application of the MIG/MAG welding process. This study has an ergonomic focus, considering that among the productive processes the development has occurred in the horizontal welding of the tanks where are applied circumferential supports, by the fact that the workers stay for a long period in a static posture and at a specific position for the welding activity. For this study there were considered aspects as: ergonomic analysis, welding activity, place of welding and risks that the workers are exposed to. There were made visits to the workplaces and organized a qualitative research based in the case study, with the objectives of verifying the procedures of the productive process, to determinate which are the risks of occupational diseases and to propose improvements. In the visits there were made notes and photographic registers of the workplaces in the production line and applied an explorative and wide survey to six workers with experience in the welding function. After the analysis of the visits and the answers to the surveys, it was concluded that the welders develop a minimal wearing activity because of the occurrence of micro and macro pauses during the activity, but it’s suggested the necessity of adequation of the welding platform. It is observed that the most wearing activity of this workplace resides in the preparation of parts that offer risks to the spinal column and the upper limbs.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Ergonomia; Soldador; Posto de trabalho; Ergonomy; Welder; Workplace
Citação
GELLER, Éder. Estudo ergonômico do posto de trabalho em um processo de soldagem de vasos de pressão numa industria metalmecânica do Vale do Taquari. 2019. Monografia (Especialização em Engenharia de Segurança do Trabalho) – Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, 25 abr. 2019. Disponível em: http://hdl.handle.net/10737/2629.