Estudo do Comportamento de Tetranychus urticae e Tetranychus ludeni sobre cultivares de soja RR e IPRO
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Data
2017-06
Autores
Orientador
Ferla, Noeli Juarez
Banca
Freitas, Elisete Maria de
Johann, Liana
Ferla, Noeli Juarez
Título do periódico
ISSN
Título do Volume
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Resumo
A cultura da soja tem grande importância para o agronegócio. Durante seu ciclo sofre danos ocasionados por diversas pragas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o comportamento de Tetranychus urticae Koch e Tetranychus ludeni Zacher em genótipos de soja RR e IPRO, através da avaliação da distribuição espacial destes sobre as plantas e a influência da presença de tricomas, atratividade e preferência de oviposição e preferência às cultivares quando pré-infestadas com uma das espécies. Para tanto, os testes foram realizados no Laboratório de Acarologia da Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, com folhas obtidas de plantas
mantidas em casa de vegetação. Os testes foram realizados sobre as cultivares TMG7262RR, NIDERA5959IPRO, SYN13561IPRO, SYN1257RR e CONVENCIONAL. Para distribuição espacial e densidade de tricomas, foram conduzidos ensaios sobre plantas “in vivo” com liberação de indivíduos nos terços medianos das cultivares. Após 72 horas realizou-se a contagem dos indivíduos e oviposição sobre os terços das plantas, e para tricomas o ensaio foi realizado através da amostragem de folhas das cultivares e contagem de tricomas. Quanto ao teste de atratividade e preferência para oviposição e preferência às cultivares quando pré-infestadas com uma das espécies, foram utilizadas bandejas forradas com esponja de 3 cm de espessura umedecidas e cobertas com uma placa de vidro e uma folha de encadernação, em que as folhas de soja eram dispostas em forma de polígonos em cujo centro foram liberados 50 indivíduos das espécies em estudo, sendo que no segundo teste foram feitas duas sequências de liberação. As avaliações foram feitas a partir da contagem de indivíduos e oviposição sobre as folhas para o primeiro ensaio e contagem dos indivíduos no segundo. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos inteiramente casualizados, com 10 repetições por cultivar. Com relação à distribuição espacial, a maior população de ambas as espécies ocorreu nos terços apicais das cultivares CONVENCIONAL e TMG7262RR para Tetranychus urticae e Tetranychus ludeni, respectivamente. Os terços basais foram pouco colonizados, havendo oviposição mais significativa sobre a cultivar NIDERA5959IPRO. Os tricomas não apresentaram influência na preferência. A preferência das espécies acarinas variou entre os genótipos, sendo a cultivar NIDERA5959IPRO a de maior atratividade e preferência para oviposição das duas espécies. Nas diferentes sequências de liberação, as espécies apresentaram maiores populações na cultivar CONVENCIONAL e SYN1257RR para LU e UL, respectivamente. Na sequência LU, T. ludeni apresentou maiores populações em NIDERA5959IPRO e SYN1257RR em relação à T. urticae.
The soybean crop is of great importance for agribusiness. During its cycle it suffers damages caused by several pests. The objective of this work was to evaluate the behavior of Tetranychus urticae Koch and Tetranychus ludeni Zacher in RR and IPRO soybean genotypes by evaluating the spatial distribution of these on plants and the influence of the presence of trichomes, attractiveness and oviposition preference, Cultivars when pre-infested with one of the species. For that, the tests were carried out in the Laboratory of Acarology of UNIVATES, with leaves obtained from plants kept in a greenhouse. The tests were carried out on cultivars TMG7262RR, NIDERA5959IPRO, SYN13561IPRO, SYN1257RR and CONVENCIONAL. For spatial distribution and density of trichomes, experiments were carried out on in vivo plants with liberation of individuals in the middle thirds of the cultivars, after 72 hours the counting of the individuals and oviposition were performed on the thirds of the plants and for trichomes the assay was Carried out through the sampling of leaves of the cultivars and counting of trichomes. As for the attractiveness and preference for oviposition and preference for the cultivars when pre-infested with one of the species, 3 cm thick sponge-lined trays were used, moistened and covered with a glass plate and binding sheet, where the soybean leaves were Arranged in the form of polygons, and in the center of this released 50 individuals of the species under study, and in the second test were made two release sequences. The evaluations were made from the counting of individuals and oviposition on the leaves, for the first assay and counting of the individuals in the second. The experimental design was completely randomized blocks with 10 replications per cultivar. Regarding the spatial distribution, the highest population of both species occurred in the apical thirds of the cultivars CONVENCIONAL and TMG7262RR for Tetranychus urticae and Tetranychus ludeni, respectively. The basal thirds were less colonized, with more significant oviposition on NIDERA5959IPRO. The trichomes had no influence on preference. The preference of the acarina species varied among genotypes, being the NIDERA5959IPRO cultivar the one of greater attractiveness and preference for oviposition of the two species. In the different release sequences the species presented higher populations in CONVENCIONAL and SYN1257RR for LU and UL, respectively. In the LU sequence, T. ludeni presented higher populations in NIDERA5959IPRO and SYN1257RR in relation to T. urticae.
The soybean crop is of great importance for agribusiness. During its cycle it suffers damages caused by several pests. The objective of this work was to evaluate the behavior of Tetranychus urticae Koch and Tetranychus ludeni Zacher in RR and IPRO soybean genotypes by evaluating the spatial distribution of these on plants and the influence of the presence of trichomes, attractiveness and oviposition preference, Cultivars when pre-infested with one of the species. For that, the tests were carried out in the Laboratory of Acarology of UNIVATES, with leaves obtained from plants kept in a greenhouse. The tests were carried out on cultivars TMG7262RR, NIDERA5959IPRO, SYN13561IPRO, SYN1257RR and CONVENCIONAL. For spatial distribution and density of trichomes, experiments were carried out on in vivo plants with liberation of individuals in the middle thirds of the cultivars, after 72 hours the counting of the individuals and oviposition were performed on the thirds of the plants and for trichomes the assay was Carried out through the sampling of leaves of the cultivars and counting of trichomes. As for the attractiveness and preference for oviposition and preference for the cultivars when pre-infested with one of the species, 3 cm thick sponge-lined trays were used, moistened and covered with a glass plate and binding sheet, where the soybean leaves were Arranged in the form of polygons, and in the center of this released 50 individuals of the species under study, and in the second test were made two release sequences. The evaluations were made from the counting of individuals and oviposition on the leaves, for the first assay and counting of the individuals in the second. The experimental design was completely randomized blocks with 10 replications per cultivar. Regarding the spatial distribution, the highest population of both species occurred in the apical thirds of the cultivars CONVENCIONAL and TMG7262RR for Tetranychus urticae and Tetranychus ludeni, respectively. The basal thirds were less colonized, with more significant oviposition on NIDERA5959IPRO. The trichomes had no influence on preference. The preference of the acarina species varied among genotypes, being the NIDERA5959IPRO cultivar the one of greater attractiveness and preference for oviposition of the two species. In the different release sequences the species presented higher populations in CONVENCIONAL and SYN1257RR for LU and UL, respectively. In the LU sequence, T. ludeni presented higher populations in NIDERA5959IPRO and SYN1257RR in relation to T. urticae.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Tetranychus urticae; Tetranychus ludeni; Soja; Preferência; Cultivares; Soy; Preference; Cultivar
Citação
GALVAN, Danielle. Estudo do Comportamento de Tetranychus urticae e Tetranychus ludeni sobre cultivares de soja RR e IPRO. 2017. Dissertação (Mestrado) – Curso de Biotecnologia, Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, 26 jul. 2017. Disponível em: http://hdl.handle.net/10737/2664.