Avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana da própolis da abelha nativa Tubi, Scaptotrigona aff. postica (LATREILLE, 1807) frente às bactérias Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans e Escherichia coli
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Data
2020-11
Autores
Orientador
Ethur, Eduardo Miranda
Banca
Stülp, Simone
Bruno, Alessandra Nejar
Kauffmann, Carla
Título do periódico
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Título do Volume
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Resumo
A própolis é um produto natural oriundo das atividades das abelhas e que vem sendo utilizado na fitoterapia e em pesquisas por decorrência de seu potencial antimicrobiano, antifúngico, antiprotozoário, antiviral, além de seu reconhecido potencial antioxidante. Ela é um produto de composição variável com destaque para a própolis formada pelo grupo das meliponinas ou abelhas sem ferrão, e que tem despertado interesse científico pois a diversidade e riqueza de compostos bioativos constituintes desse recurso natural lhe conferem propriedades úteis à indústria bem como à saúde. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o potencial antimicrobiano do extrato etanólico da própolis da abelha nativa Scaptotrigona affinis postica, criada em meliponário da cidade de Barra do Corda – MA, frente as bactérias Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans e Escherichia coli, como uma possibilidade de uso de um recurso natural eficaz no controle dessas bactérias e malefícios associados a ocorrência delas. A própolis bruta e o extrato etanólico da própolis foram caracterizadas sensorialmente quanto a sua consistência, coloração, sabor e granulometria. As características físico e químicas avaliadas, tanto para a própolis bruta como para o extrato etanólico da própolis (EEP) foram o teor de umidade, teor de cinzas, teores fenólicos, com base no Equivalente de Ácido Gálico (EAG), e de flavonoides totais, com base no Equivalente de Quercetina (QE), que foram quantificados e extrapolados em curva padrão de ácido gálico e quercetina (respectivamente), além da determinação do seu índice de oxidação. A avaliação do potencial antimicrobiano foi realizada por meio da técnica de Difusão em Disco, sendo utilizado como padrão antibacteriano o ciprofloxacino a 60 μg/mL, além da testagem do EEP nas concentrações de 0,25 mg/mL, 0,5 mg/mL, 1 mg/mL e 2 mg/mL. Os teores médios de fenólicos totais foram de 1,54% e 2,10% mg de EAG/100 g para testes com as concentrações de 1 mg/mL e de 2 mg/mL de própolis bruta, respectivamente, e 1,42% e 2,70% mg de EAG/100 g para testes com as concentrações de 1 mg/mL e de 2 mg/mL de extrato etanólico da própolis, respectivamente. Os teores médios de flavonoides totais encontrados foram de 7,15% e 13,09% mg de QE/100 g para testes com as concentrações de 1 mg/mL e de 2 mg/mL de própolis bruta, respectivamente, e 13,08% e 26,46% mg de QE/100 g para testes com as concentrações de 1 mg/mL e de 2 mg/mL de extrato etanólico de própolis, respectivamente. As amostras de própolis apresentaram um índice de oxidação médio de 7s para os testes com extrato etanólico de própolis e de 3s para os testes com a própolis bruta. Os resultados indicam que as amostras de própolis e de seu extrato etanólico, coletadas em Barra do Corda – MA, apresentam teores de fenólicos e flavonoides que lhe conferem algum potencial antioxidante e anti-inflamatório no entanto, apesar de ser atribuído ao propólis atividade antimicrobiana, no presente estudo esta não foi observada uma vez que as amostras de EEP nas concentrações de 0,25; 0,5; 1 e 2 mg/mL não tiveram ação antimicrobiana frente os microrganismos testados, requerendo mais estudos e caracterizações que contribuam para o conhecimento desse produto natural.
Propolis is a natural product derived from the activities of bees and has been used in herbal medicine and research due to its antimicrobial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, antiviral potential, in addition to its recognized antioxidant potential. It is a product of variable composition with emphasis on the propolis formed by the group of meliponins or stingless bees, and which has aroused scientific interest because the diversity and richness of bioactive compounds that make up this natural resource give it useful properties for industry as well as health. The objective of this work was to evaluate the antimicrobial potential of the ethanol extract of propolis from native bee Scaptotrigona affinis postica, raised in a meliponary of the city of Barra do Corda - MA, against the bacteria Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans and Escherichia coli, as a possibility of using an effective natural resource to control these bacteria and harms associated with their occurrence. The raw propolis and the ethanol extract of propolis were sensorially characterized in terms of consistency, color, flavor and granulometry. The physico and chemical characteristics evaluated, both for crude propolis and for the ethanol extract of própolis (EEP), were the moisture content, ash content, phenolic, based on Gallic Acid Equivalent (GAE), and total flavonoid contents, based on Quercetin Equivalent (QE), which were quantified and extrapolated in a standard curve of gallic acid and quercetin (respectively), in addition to determining its oxidation index. The evaluation of the antimicrobial potential was performed using the Disc Diffusion technique, with ciprofloxacin at 60 μg/mL being used as an antibacterial standard, in addition to testing the EEP at concentrations of 0.25 mg/mL, 0.5 mg/mL, 1 mg/mL and 2 mg/mL. The average levels of total phenolics were 1.54% and 2.10% mg of EAG/100 g for tests with the concentrations of 1 mg/mL and 2 mg/mL of crude propolis, respectively, and 1.42% and 2.70% mg of EAG/100 g for tests with the concentrations of 1 mg/mL and 2 mg/mL of ethanol extract of propolis, respectively. The average levels of total flavonoids found were 7.15% and 13.09% mg of QE/100 g for tests with the concentrations of 1 mg/mL and 2 mg/mL of crude propolis, respectively, and 13.08% and 26, 46% mg of QE/100 g for tests with concentrations of 1 mg/mL and 2 mg/mL of ethanol extract of propolis, respectively. The propolis samples had an average oxidation index of 7s for tests with ethanol extract of propolis and 3s for tests with crude propolis. The results indicate that the samples of propolis and its ethanolic extract, collected in Barra do Corda - MA, have levels of phenolics and flavonoids that give it some antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential, however, despite being attributed to propolis an antimicrobial activity, in the present study this was not observed since the EEP samples at concentrations of 0.25; 0.5; 1 and 2 mg / mL had no antimicrobial action against the tested microorganisms, requiring further studies and characterizations that contribute to the knowledge of this natural product.
Propolis is a natural product derived from the activities of bees and has been used in herbal medicine and research due to its antimicrobial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, antiviral potential, in addition to its recognized antioxidant potential. It is a product of variable composition with emphasis on the propolis formed by the group of meliponins or stingless bees, and which has aroused scientific interest because the diversity and richness of bioactive compounds that make up this natural resource give it useful properties for industry as well as health. The objective of this work was to evaluate the antimicrobial potential of the ethanol extract of propolis from native bee Scaptotrigona affinis postica, raised in a meliponary of the city of Barra do Corda - MA, against the bacteria Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans and Escherichia coli, as a possibility of using an effective natural resource to control these bacteria and harms associated with their occurrence. The raw propolis and the ethanol extract of propolis were sensorially characterized in terms of consistency, color, flavor and granulometry. The physico and chemical characteristics evaluated, both for crude propolis and for the ethanol extract of própolis (EEP), were the moisture content, ash content, phenolic, based on Gallic Acid Equivalent (GAE), and total flavonoid contents, based on Quercetin Equivalent (QE), which were quantified and extrapolated in a standard curve of gallic acid and quercetin (respectively), in addition to determining its oxidation index. The evaluation of the antimicrobial potential was performed using the Disc Diffusion technique, with ciprofloxacin at 60 μg/mL being used as an antibacterial standard, in addition to testing the EEP at concentrations of 0.25 mg/mL, 0.5 mg/mL, 1 mg/mL and 2 mg/mL. The average levels of total phenolics were 1.54% and 2.10% mg of EAG/100 g for tests with the concentrations of 1 mg/mL and 2 mg/mL of crude propolis, respectively, and 1.42% and 2.70% mg of EAG/100 g for tests with the concentrations of 1 mg/mL and 2 mg/mL of ethanol extract of propolis, respectively. The average levels of total flavonoids found were 7.15% and 13.09% mg of QE/100 g for tests with the concentrations of 1 mg/mL and 2 mg/mL of crude propolis, respectively, and 13.08% and 26, 46% mg of QE/100 g for tests with concentrations of 1 mg/mL and 2 mg/mL of ethanol extract of propolis, respectively. The propolis samples had an average oxidation index of 7s for tests with ethanol extract of propolis and 3s for tests with crude propolis. The results indicate that the samples of propolis and its ethanolic extract, collected in Barra do Corda - MA, have levels of phenolics and flavonoids that give it some antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential, however, despite being attributed to propolis an antimicrobial activity, in the present study this was not observed since the EEP samples at concentrations of 0.25; 0.5; 1 and 2 mg / mL had no antimicrobial action against the tested microorganisms, requiring further studies and characterizations that contribute to the knowledge of this natural product.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Meliponinas; Própolis; Antimicrobiano; Meliponins; Propolis; Antimicrobial
Citação
LOIOLA, Nilson Dos Santos. Avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana da própolis da abelha nativa Tubi, Scaptotrigona aff. postica (LATREILLE, 1807) frente às bactérias Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans e Escherichia coli. 2020. Dissertação (Mestrado) – Curso de Ambiente e Desenvolvimento, Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, 25 nov. 2020. Disponível em: http://hdl.handle.net/10737/2920.