Gestão dos recursos hídricos na prática da suinocultura: percepções dos suinocultores da sub-bacia do Forqueta/RS
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Data
2018-01
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Orientador
Périco, Eduardo
Banca
Périco, Eduardo
Mazzarino, Jane Márcia
Basso, Luis Alberto
Mejía, Margarita Rosa Gaviria
Costa, Arlete Eli Kunz Da
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Considerada pelos órgãos ambientais como potencialmente impactante para o meio ambiente, principalmente para os recursos hídricos, a suinocultura é uma atividade de grande importância socioeconômica para o Brasil. Na Sub-bacia do Forqueta, a má destinação dos dejetos da suinocultura está entre as principais causas do comprometimento da qualidade da água, podendo afetar a saúde da população. Assim, esta tese objetivou compreender se e como estes criadores percebem este cenário de degradação, e quais atitudes tomam em relação a isto. Os objetivos específicos foram: analisar as práticas dos suinocultores e sua relação com a água e os dejetos, e investigar a representação das pautas dos suinocultores no Comitê. Para atingir estes objetivos, foram realizadas entrevistas, pessoalmente, com 31 suinocultores, de dez municípios da Sub-bacia, com o presidente do Comitê Taquari-Antas e com um dos representantes dos suinocultores no Comitê. As entrevistas foram gravadas e transcritas. Através da análise de conteúdo, verificou-se que a maioria dos suinocultores desconhecem informações legais sobre a gestão das águas, bem como dados qualitativos locais, e alguns nem mesmo sabem o que é o Comitê de Bacia e suas atribuições. Quanto às criações, estas são desenvolvidas em pequenas propriedades rurais familiares, onde a oferta do recurso hídrico é abundante e, embora os suinocultores reconheçam os riscos de contaminação das águas, não acreditam que esteja ocorrendo onde vivem, pois afirmam destinar os dejetos das criações de acordo com os parâmetros legais que suas licenças ambientais impõem. Entretanto, em análises realizadas pelo Comitê, há evidências do comprometimento da qualidade da água, mas como estes dados não chegam a atingir toda a comunidade, e ainda está muito enraizada nestas populações a crença de que a água nas áreas rurais é de boa qualidade, a maioria não acredita que precisa se preocupar com a segurança da água que consomem, e não a relacionam como causa de agravos na saúde da comunidade. Isto aponta para a necessidade de estabelecer uma comunicação eficaz entre suinocultores e seus representantes no Comitê, com profissionais da área ambiental, e com as instituições de ensino; assim como realizar ações de educação ambiental conjuntas e contínuas nestas comunidades, para que estejam informados e se sintam corresponsáveis pela problemática ambiental ocasionada pela atividade econômica que exercem, estimulando-os a mitigar e prevenir estes danos, e garantindo a qualidade de vida nas áreas rurais da Sub-bacia do Forqueta.
Considered by environmental agencies as a potential threat the environment, mainly to water resources, pig-farming is a significant activity when considering socio economic aspects in Brazil. At the Forqueta Sub-drainage Basin the inadequate treatment of pig-farming’s waste is among the main causes of water pollution, which can affect population’s health. This thesis aimed at understanding if and how the pig farmers perceive this degradation scenario, and what are the attitudes they take towards this situation. The specific objectives were: to analyze the pig farmers activities and their relationship with the water and waste as well as to investigate the relevance of the pig-farmers’ subjects of discussion at the Taquari-Antas Committee. In order to achieve these objectives, interviews were held in person, with 31 pig farmers from ten municipalities of the sub-drainage basin, also with the committee’s president and with one pig farmer representative in the committee. The interviews were recorded and transcribed. Through the analysis of the content, it was found out that most of the pig farmers do not know the legal aspects of water resources governance, nor local qualitative data. Moreover, some of them do not even know what the Water Committee is and stands for. The pig farms are family run business, in small properties where water resources are abundant and, however the pig farmers acknowledge the water contamination risks, they do not think pollution is taking place within their land, because they believe to conduct the waste management and disposal accordingly with the established by the environmental license and environmental law. Water analysis conducted by the water committee showed its poor quality, but this information never reached the whole population. This fact combined with the enrooted belief that the water resources are still pristine in the rural areas, make people act careless towards water consumption safety, and often do not link water quality with health issues in the community. All these facts indicate the necessity of establishing an effective line of communication between pig farmers and its respective representatives in the committee, with professionals of the environmental field, and with education institutions. In addition, it is essential to promote permanent environmental education actions involving the community in order to promote awareness and to make them feel co-responsible for the environmental impacts of their economic activity, instigating them to mitigate and prevent damage and so to ensure better living conditions for the inhabitants of rural areas of the Forqueta Sub-drainage Basin
Considered by environmental agencies as a potential threat the environment, mainly to water resources, pig-farming is a significant activity when considering socio economic aspects in Brazil. At the Forqueta Sub-drainage Basin the inadequate treatment of pig-farming’s waste is among the main causes of water pollution, which can affect population’s health. This thesis aimed at understanding if and how the pig farmers perceive this degradation scenario, and what are the attitudes they take towards this situation. The specific objectives were: to analyze the pig farmers activities and their relationship with the water and waste as well as to investigate the relevance of the pig-farmers’ subjects of discussion at the Taquari-Antas Committee. In order to achieve these objectives, interviews were held in person, with 31 pig farmers from ten municipalities of the sub-drainage basin, also with the committee’s president and with one pig farmer representative in the committee. The interviews were recorded and transcribed. Through the analysis of the content, it was found out that most of the pig farmers do not know the legal aspects of water resources governance, nor local qualitative data. Moreover, some of them do not even know what the Water Committee is and stands for. The pig farms are family run business, in small properties where water resources are abundant and, however the pig farmers acknowledge the water contamination risks, they do not think pollution is taking place within their land, because they believe to conduct the waste management and disposal accordingly with the established by the environmental license and environmental law. Water analysis conducted by the water committee showed its poor quality, but this information never reached the whole population. This fact combined with the enrooted belief that the water resources are still pristine in the rural areas, make people act careless towards water consumption safety, and often do not link water quality with health issues in the community. All these facts indicate the necessity of establishing an effective line of communication between pig farmers and its respective representatives in the committee, with professionals of the environmental field, and with education institutions. In addition, it is essential to promote permanent environmental education actions involving the community in order to promote awareness and to make them feel co-responsible for the environmental impacts of their economic activity, instigating them to mitigate and prevent damage and so to ensure better living conditions for the inhabitants of rural areas of the Forqueta Sub-drainage Basin
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Suinocultura; Recursos hídricos; Aspectos qualiquantitativos
Citação
OLIVEIRA, Laura Barbieri De. Gestão dos recursos hídricos na prática da suinocultura: percepções dos suinocultores da sub-bacia do Forqueta/RS. 2017. Tese (Doutorado) – Curso de Ambiente e Desenvolvimento, Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, 30 jun. 2017. Disponível em: http://hdl.handle.net/10737/1730.