Avaliação da atividade inseticida de óleos essenciais de Myrrinium atropurpurem Schott, Psidium salutare (kunth) O. Berg e Pimpinella anisum L, contra Oryzaephilus surinamensis L.
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2018-01
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Ethur, Eduardo Miranda
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Realizou-se um estudo sobre a ação inseticida dos óleos essenciais de folhas e flores de Myrrinium atropurpureum Schott, folhas de Psidium salutare (Kunth) O. Berg e de sementes de Pimpinella anisum L. frente ao Coleóptero: Oryzaephilus surinamensis L. Os óleos essenciais foram testados através do processo de fumigação em três volumes 5μL, 10μL e 50μL, em tomadas de 1h, 2h, 4h, 8h, 12h, 24h e 48h, obtendo-se as concentrações para 1L de ar de: 33,33 μL L¹, 6,66 μL L¹, 333.33 μL L¹, respectivamente. No intento de investigar os constituintes químicos tanto qualitativa quanto quantitativamente, os óleos foram submetidos à análise por cromatografia gasosa e espectrofotometria de massa (CG/EM). Foram detectados como compostos majoritários para os óleos essenciais de Myrrinium atropurpureum: viridiflorol 15,04% para flor e folha, p-cimen-8-ol 6% para flor e 9,51% para folha, para o óleo de Psidium salutare apresentaram como compostos majoritários: o α-terpinol 17,2%, globulol 13,1%, Éter metil Isobecol 11,7%, para Pimpinella anisum o E-anetol apresentou-se como constituinte majoritário 95,59%, os quais geralmente atribui-se a responsabilidade pela ação inseticida em estudo. Os óleos essenciais apresentaram uma Média do Índice de Mortalidade (MIM) para follha de Myrrinium atropurpureum variando entre 9 mortos (5μL-48h) a 19,33 mortos (50μL-48h), para folha de Psidium salutare cerca de 8,33 mortos (5μL-48h) a 19,66 mortos (50μL-48h) e para semente de Pimpinella anisum de 11 mortos (5μL-48h) a 19 (50μL-48h), considerando cada 20 insetos nos respectivos tratamentos. Os resultados foram expressos em percentagem de eficácia da Toxicidade, obtidos através dos tratamentos (5μL, 10μL e 50μL) observando uma proporcionalidade entre a Média do Índice de Mortalidade (MIM) e o aumento das concentrações. Foi utilizado para análise de variância ANOVA não Paramétrica utilizando Kruskall Walls, considerando p<0,05. Observou-se neste estudo um índice de toxicidade não favorável dos óleos essenciais das plantas utilizadas para o controle da praga em questão, tornando-se inviável a utilização dos mesmos.
It was conducted a study on the insecticidal activity flower and leaf of Myrrinium atropurpureum Schott, on leaf of Psidium salutare (Kunth) O. Berg and seed Pimpinella anisum L., against to the coleopterous: Oryzaephilus surinamensis L. trying to find some lesser harmful pesticides to the environment. The essential oils of the plants above. were tested with the fumigation process in three concentrations 5μL, 10μL and 50mL in decision-1h, 2h, 4h, 8h, 12h, 24h and 48h, observing concentrations for 1L air in: 33,33 μL/L, 66,66 μL/L, 333.33 μL/L respectively. To investigate the chemical constituents both qualitatively and quantitatively, the oils were submitted to analysis by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC / MS). Were detected as major compounds for Myrrinium atropurpureum: viridiflorol 15.04% for flower and leaf, p-cimen-8-ol 9.6% for flower and 9.51% for leaf, to oil Psidium salutare presented as major compounds: the α-terpinol 17.2% globulol, 13.1%, Ether metil Isobecol 11.7% to Pimpinella anisum L. E-anetol appeared as a major constituent 95.59 %, which tend to assign responsibility for insecticidal action under study. The essential oils showed a mean of the Mortality Index (MIM) for Myrrinium atropurpureum leaf ranging of 9 dead (5μL-48h) to 19,33 dead (50μL-48h), to Psidium salutare leaf about 8,33 dead (5μL-48h) to 19,66 (50μL-48h) and to Pimpinella anisum seed 11 dead (5μL-48h) at 19 (50μL-48h), considering every 20 insects in their specific treatments. The results were expressed as a percentage of effectiveness of toxicity, obtained through the treatments (5μL, 10μL and 50μL) observing a proportionality between the average Mortality Index (MIM) and the concentrations. Was used for variance analysis ANOVA not Parametric using Kruskal Walls, considering p <0.05. In this study, a not favorable toxicity index of the essential oils of the plants used to control the pest in question was made, making it unfeasible to use them.
It was conducted a study on the insecticidal activity flower and leaf of Myrrinium atropurpureum Schott, on leaf of Psidium salutare (Kunth) O. Berg and seed Pimpinella anisum L., against to the coleopterous: Oryzaephilus surinamensis L. trying to find some lesser harmful pesticides to the environment. The essential oils of the plants above. were tested with the fumigation process in three concentrations 5μL, 10μL and 50mL in decision-1h, 2h, 4h, 8h, 12h, 24h and 48h, observing concentrations for 1L air in: 33,33 μL/L, 66,66 μL/L, 333.33 μL/L respectively. To investigate the chemical constituents both qualitatively and quantitatively, the oils were submitted to analysis by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC / MS). Were detected as major compounds for Myrrinium atropurpureum: viridiflorol 15.04% for flower and leaf, p-cimen-8-ol 9.6% for flower and 9.51% for leaf, to oil Psidium salutare presented as major compounds: the α-terpinol 17.2% globulol, 13.1%, Ether metil Isobecol 11.7% to Pimpinella anisum L. E-anetol appeared as a major constituent 95.59 %, which tend to assign responsibility for insecticidal action under study. The essential oils showed a mean of the Mortality Index (MIM) for Myrrinium atropurpureum leaf ranging of 9 dead (5μL-48h) to 19,33 dead (50μL-48h), to Psidium salutare leaf about 8,33 dead (5μL-48h) to 19,66 (50μL-48h) and to Pimpinella anisum seed 11 dead (5μL-48h) at 19 (50μL-48h), considering every 20 insects in their specific treatments. The results were expressed as a percentage of effectiveness of toxicity, obtained through the treatments (5μL, 10μL and 50μL) observing a proportionality between the average Mortality Index (MIM) and the concentrations. Was used for variance analysis ANOVA not Parametric using Kruskal Walls, considering p <0.05. In this study, a not favorable toxicity index of the essential oils of the plants used to control the pest in question was made, making it unfeasible to use them.
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Fumigação; Inseticida; Toxicidade; Pragas; Meio ambiente
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CAVALCANTE, Sandra Martha Araújo. Avaliação da atividade inseticida de óleos essenciais de Myrrinium atropurpurem Schott, Psidium salutare (kunth) O. Berg e Pimpinella anisum L, contra Oryzaephilus surinamensis L.. 2015. Dissertação (Mestrado) – Curso de Ambiente e Desenvolvimento, Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, 13 mar. 2015. Disponível em: http://hdl.handle.net/10737/1726.